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More references are listed in the “Clinical entries” of the Biomedical Database.

Effect of a bite from Schneider’s water snake, Hypsyrhina enhydris. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 22: 203

1931
D’Abreu, E. A.

Molecular and phenotypic data reveal a new Amazonian species of pit vipers (Serpentes: Viperidae: Bothrops). Journal of Natural History, 54:37-38, 2415-2437

2020
Dal Vechio, F., I. Prates, F. G. Grazziotin, R. Graboski, M. T. Rodrigues

A purified procoagulant enzyme from the venom of the eastern diamondback rattlesnake (Crotalus adamanteus): in vivo and in vitro studies. J. Lab. Clin. Med. 79: 906-923

1972
Damus, P. S., F. S. Markland Jr., T. M. Davidson, J. D. Shanley

The book of Indian Reptiles. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc.: 141

1983
Daniel, J. C.

Hemodialysis of acute renal failure following rattlesnake bite, with recovery. J. Amer. med. Ass. 175: 136-137

1961
Danzig, L. E., G. H. Abels

The sequelae of pitviper poisoning in the United States. In Campbell, J. A., E. D. Brodie Jr.: Biology of the Pitvipers. Selva, Tyler, Texas: 395-404

1992
Dart, R. C., J. T. McNally, D. W. Spaite, R. Gustafson

Validation of a severity score for the assessment of crotalid snakebite. Ann. Emerg. Med. 27:321-326

1996a
Dart, R. C., K. M. Hurlbut, R. Garcia, J. Boren

Failure of electric shock treatment for rattlesnake envenomation. Ann. Emerg. Med. 20: 659-661

1991
Dart, R. C., R. A. Gustafson

Affinity-purified, mixed monospecific crotalid antivenom ovine Fab for the tratment of crotalid venom poisoning. Ann. Emerg. Med. 30: 33-39

1997b
Dart, R. C., S. A. Seifert, L. Carroll, R. F. Clark, et al.

Human trial of an affinity purified antibody fragment for snake venom poisoning (abs.). Vet. Hum. Tox. 36: 363

1994
Dart, R. C., S. A. Siefert, L. Carroll, R. F. Clark, E. L. Hall, L. V. Boyer Assen, S. C. Curry, C. S. Kitchens, R. A. Garcia

A randomized multicenter trial of crotalinae polyvalent immune Fab (ovine) antivenom for the treatment for crotaline snakebite in the United States. Arch. Intern. Med. 161: 2030-2036

2001
Dart, R. C., S. Seifert, L. V. Boyer, R. F. Clark, et al.

Relato clinico de envenamento humano por Philodryas olfersii. Mem. Inst. Butantan 47 /48 (1983 / 84) 121-126

da Silva, M. V., M. A. Buononato

Revision of the Micrurus frontalis complex (Serpentes: Elapidae). Herpetological Monographs 13: 142-194

1999
Da Silva, N. J. JR., J. W. JR. Sites

Intensive care unit treatment of acute renal failure following snake bite. Amer. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 28 (1979) 401-407

da Silva, O. A., M. Lopez, P. Godoy

Ophidic accidents by Bothrops leucurus Wagler, 1824 in Bahia, Brazil. Abstracts. IVth Pan American symposium on animal, plant and microbial toxins (IST) and IInd symposium of the Brazilian society on toxinology (SBTX), in honour of vital Brazil. Toxicon 31 (1993) 143-144

da Silva, R. M. L., T. B. Nunes

Taxonomic revision of the Bothrops neuwiedi complex (Serpentes, Viperidae) with description of a new species. Phyllomedusa 7: 45-90.

2008
Da Silva, V. X., M. T. Rodrigues

Status of knowledge of the Malaysian herpetofauna. In Status of biological diversity in Malaysia & threat assessment of plant species in Malaysia. in: L. S. L. Chua, L. G. Kirton & L. G. Saw (eds.), Status of biological diversity in Malaysia & threat assessment of plant species in Malaysia. Forest Research Institute Malaysia, Kepong: 31-81

2007
Das, I., N. Yaakob

Taxonomic revision of the king cobra Ophiophagus hannah (Cantor, 1836) species complex (Reptilia: Serpentes: Elapidae), with the description of two new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 961: 1–51

2024
Das I., P. Gowri Shankar, P. Swamy, R.C. Williams, H.T. Lalremsanga, P. Prashanth, G. Sahoo, S.P. Vijayakumar, J. Höglund, K. Shanker, S.K. Dutta, S.R. Ganesh, W. Wüster

Renal ultrastructure in cortical necrosis following Russell’s viper envenomation. J. trop. Med. Hyg. 84: 3-8

1981
Date, A., J. C. M. Shastry

Renal ultrastructure in acute tubular necrosis following Russell’s viper envenomation. J. Pathol. 137: 225-241

1982
Date, A., J. C. M. Shastry

Preliminary trial of a new polyspecific antivenom in Nigeria. Ann. trop. Med. Parasitol. 82: 311-313

1988
Daudu, I., R. D. G. Theakston

An updated list of Asian pitvipers and a selection of recent publications. In Visser (2015): Asian pitvipers. Breeding experience & wildlife. Frankfurt am Main, Edition Chimaira. 544-565

2015
David, P., G. Vogel

On the need to follow rigorously the Rules of the Code for the subsequent designation of a nucleospecies (type species) for a nominal genus which lacked one: the case of the nominal genus Trimeresurus Lacépède, 1804 (Reptilia: Squamata: Viperidae) Zootaxa 2992: 1–51

2011
David, P., G. Vogel, A. Dubois

A revision of the Trimeresurus puniceus – complex (Serpentes: Viperidae: Crotalinae) based on morphological and molecular data. Zootaxa 1293: 1-78

2006
David, P., G. Vogel, S.P. Vijayakumar, N. Vidal

Les serpents venimeux du monde: systématique et répartition. Dumerilia 3: 3-499

1999
David, P., I. Ineich

A new species of pitviper of the genus Trimeresurus (Popeia) from northern Sumatra (REPTILIA, SQUAMATA, VIPERIDAE). Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale "G. Doria", Genova 100: 323-346

2009
David, P., M. Petri, G. Vogel, G. Doria

Case of African cobra bite. Brit. med. J. 4: 660

1970
Davidson, R. A.

Intravenous rattlesnake envenomation. West. J. Med. 148: 45-47

1988
Davidson, T. M.

Deconstructing a Species-Complex: Geometric Morphometric and Molecular Analyses Define Species in the Western Rattlesnake (Crotalus viridis). PLoS One 11 (1): e0146166.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0146166

2016
Davis M. A, M. R. Douglas, M. L.Collyer, M. E. Douglas

Symptomatic improvement with amitriptyline in ciguatera fish poisoning. New Engl. J. Med. 315: 65

1986
Davis, R. T., L. A. Villar

Scorpionism caused by Tityus pusillus Pocock, 1893 (Scorpiones; Buthidae) in State of Pernambuco. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. Mar-Apr;42 (2): 206-208.

De Albuquerque, C. M. R., T. J. Porto, M. L. P. Amorim, P. L. S. Neto (2009 )

Gefährliche Meerestiere. Jahr-Verlag, Hamburg (1981) pp. 159

de Couet, H. G., H. Moosleitner, F. Naglschmid

Human risk associated with palytoxin exposure. Toxicon 56: 150–162

2010
Deeds J.R., M.D. Schwartz

Palytoxin Found in Palythoa sp. Zoanthids (Anthozoa, Hexacorallia) Sold in the Home Aquarium Trade. PLoS ONE 6(4): e18235. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0018235

2011
Deeds, J.R., S.M. Handy, K.D. White, J.D. Reimer

Snakes of the Indo-Australian Archipelago. Treubia 20 (1950) 505-625

de Haas, C. P. J.

Unusual neurotoxic envenomations by Vipera aspis aspis snakes in France. Hum. Exp. Toxicol. 21: 137-145

2002
De Haro, L., A. Robbe-Vincent, B. Saliou, M. Valli, C. Bon, V. Choumet

Envenimations par vipères européennes. Étude multicentrique de tolérance du ViperfavTM, nouvel antivenin par voie intraveineuse. Ann. Fr. Anesth. Réanim. 17: 681-7

1998
De Haro, L., J. Lang, R. Bedry, D. Guelon, P. Harry, F. Marchal-Mazet, J. Jouglard

Epidemiological characteristics of scorpion sting in Leon, Guanajuato, Mexico. Toxicon 27: 281-286

1989
Dehesa-Davila, M.

Scorpionism and serotherapy in Mexico. Toxicon 32: 1015-1018

1994
Dehesa-Davila, M., L. D. Possani

Venoms of Lepidoptera. In Bettini, S.: Arthropod venoms. Springer, Berlin: 555-611

1978
Delgado Quiroz, A.

Relato de um envenenamento por uma cobra nao venenosa. Natur em Revista 4 (1978b) 62-63

de Lima, T.

Cobras nao venenosas que mantam. Natur em Revista 4 (1978a) 38-46

de Lima, T.

Coagulopathy after snake bite by Bothrops neuwiedi: Case report and results of in vitro experiment. Blut 61: 369-374

1990
Dempfle, C. E., R. Kohl, J. Harenberg, W. Kirschstein, D. Schlauch, D. L. Heene

Hypertension as an unusual feature in an outbreak of tetrodotoxin poisoning. Clin. Toxicol. 29: 71-79

1991
Deng, J. F., R. L. Tominack, H. M. Chung, W. J. Tsai

Coagulant and anticoagulant action of snake venoms. Toxicon 7: 5-11

1969
Denson, K. W. E.

Clot-inducing substances present in snake venoms with particular reference to Echis carinatus venom. Thromb. Res. 8: 351-360

1976
Denson, K. W. E.

Characterization of the coagulant activity of some snake venoms. Toxicon 10: 557-562

1972
Denson, K. W. E., F. Russell, D. Almagro

The story of some Indian poisonous snakes. In Bücherl, W., E. E. Buckley: Venomous animals and their venoms. Vol. 2. Academic Press, New York: 19-34

1971
Deoras, P. J.

Snakes of India. 3rd rev. ed. National Book Trust, New Dehli: 156

1978
Deoras, P. J.

Clinical analysis of 150 cases of Agkistrodon halys (Pallas) bite. Chin. Med. J. 4: 63

1974
Dept. Surgery, 102nd Hospital

Natural history of ants. Translated and annotated by Wheeler, W. M. Arno Press, New York: 280

1977
DeRéaumur, R. A. F.

Is the severity of Tityus serrulatus scorpion envenoming related to plasma venom concentrations? Toxicon 34 (7): 820-823

1996
De Rezende, N. A., C. Chávez-Olortegui, C. F. S. Amaral

South American rattlesnake bite (Crotalus durissus SP) without envenoming: Insights on diagnosis and treatment. Toxicon 36 (12): 2029-2032

1998
De Rezende, N. A., F. M. Torres, M. B. Dias, D. Campolina, et al.

Efficacy of antivenom therapy for neutralizing circulating venom antigens in patients stung by Tityus serrulatus scorpions. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 52 (3): 277-280

1995
De Rezende, N. A., M. B. Dias, D. Campolina, C. Chavez-Olortegui, et al.

A new venomous scorpion responsible for severe envenomation in Argentina: Tityus confluens. Toxicon. 53(1): 1-8.

2009
De Roodt, A. R., N. R. Lago, O. D. Salomón, R. D. Laskowicz, L. E. Neder de Román, R. A. López

Reactions to the stings of imported fire ant. New Engl. J. Med. 323: 462-466

1990
DeShazo, R. D., B. T. Butcher, W. A. Banks

On the management of scorpion stings. Heart 83 (5): 582-584

2000
Deshpande, S. B., A. B. Alex

Venomous snakes of Sri Lanka. Snake 8 (1976a) 31-42

de Silva, A.

Venomous snakes, their bites and treatment in Sri Lanka. In Gopalakristhnakone, P., L. M. Chou: Snakes of medical importance (Asia Pacific Region). Venom and Toxin Research Group, National University of Singapore (1990) 479-556

de Silva, A.

Hypnale hypnale bite-a case report. Snake 20 (1988) 80

de Silva, A.

Some epidemological and clinical aspects of Bungarus caeruleus bite. Proceedings of the Kandy Society of Medicine 10 (1987b) 113-115

de Silva, A.

Ecological notes on Bungarus ceylonicus Gunther, 1964. Snake 19 (1987a) 59-66

de Silva, A.

Trimeresurus trigonocephalus bites. Snake 15 (1983) 91-94

de Silva, A.

Snake bites and antivenom treatment in Sri Lanka. Snake 12 (1980) 134-137

de Silva, A.

The pattern of snake bite in Sri Lanka. Snake 8 (1976b) 43-51

de Silva, A.

Haemostatic dysfunction and acute renal failure following envenoming by Merrem’s Hump-nosed viper (Hypnale hypnale) in Sri Lanka: first authenticated case. Trans. roy. Soc. trop. Med. Hyg. 88 (1994) 209-212

de Silva, A., A. S. B. Wijekoon, L. Jayasena, C. K. Abeysekera, C. X. Bao, R. A. Hutton, D. A. Warrell

Epidemiology of snake bite in Sri Lanka: a review. Ceylon Med. J. 28 (1983) 144-154

de Silva, A., L. Ranasinghe

Neurotoxic envenoming by the Sri Lankan krait (Bungarus ceylonicus) complicated by traditional treatment and a reaction to antivenom. Trans. roy. Soc. trop. Med. Hyg. 87 (1993) 682-684

de Silva, A., S. Mendis, D. A. Warrell

Serpents du Laos. Memoires O. R. S. T. O. M., No. 39, Paris: 251

1970
Deuve, J.

The action of Vipera xanthina palaestinae venom on blood coagulation in vitro. Brit. J. Haemat. 3 (1957) 379-386

de Vries, A., S. Gitter

The evolvong global epidemiology, syndromic classification, management, and prevention of caterpillar envenoming. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 72(3): 347-357

2005
Diaz, J. H.

A new species of coralsnake (Micrurus: Elapidae) from southern Brazil. Zootaxa 1447: 1-20

2007
Di-Bernardo, M., M. Borges-Martins, N.J. da Silva

Ciguatera: a public health perspective. Toxicon. 15; 56 (2): 123-136.

2010
Dickey, R. W., S. M. Plakas

Efficacy of funnel-web spider antivenom in human envenomation by Hadronyche species. Med. J. Aust. 151: 706-707

1989
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Snakes of the world. Macmillan Co., New York: 207

1931
Ditmars, R. L.

A cryptic palm-pitviper species (Squamata: Viperidae: Bothriechis) from the Costa Rican highlands, with notes on the variation within B. nigroviridis. Zootaxa 4138 (2): 271–290

2016
Doan, T. M., A. J. Mason, T. A. Castoe, M. Sasa, C. L. Parkinson

Liste des ophidiens de Tunisie de l’Algérie et du Maroc. Arch. Inst. Pasteur, Tunis 36: 151-161

1959
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Tick paralysis with persistent weakness and electromyographic abnormalities. Arch. Neurol. 38: 59-61

1981
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Local nerve block after stingray injury. Lancet: 1131-1132

1985
Dormon, F. M.

Les serpents de la Republique de Côte d’Ivorie. Acta Tropica 20: 201-340

1963
Doucet, J.

A new species of taipan (Elapidae: Oxyuranus) from central Australia. Zootaxa 1422: 45–58.

2007
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Jelly fish sting with serious hand complication. Injury 12: 66-68

1980
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Acute renal failure in accidents caused by caterpillars (Lonomia obliqua Walker). Toxicon 31: 124

1993
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Effects of Sydney funnel-web spider envenomation in monkeys and their clinical implications. Med. J. Aust. 2: 429-435

1980
Duncan, A. W., F. Tibballs, S. K. Sutherland

The biology of sea snakes. University Park Press, Baltimore: 530

1975a
Dunson, W. A.

Sea snakes of tropical Queensland between 18∞ and 20∞ south latitude. In Dunson, W. A.: The biology of sea snakes. University Park Press, Baltimore: 151-162

1975b
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