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More references are listed in the “Clinical entries” of the Biomedical Database.

Accidents humanos por las serpientes de los generos Bothrops y Lachesis. Mem. Inst. Butantan 44/45: 403-423

Haad, J. S. (1980/81)

Complete and spontaneous recovery from the bite of a Blue krait snake (Bungarus caeruleus). Amer. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 4: 1135-1137

1955
Haast, W. E., M. L. Winer

Spinnenbisse in Deutschland. Dtsch. med. Wschr. 104: 681

1979
Habermehl, G., D. Mebs

The snakes of Borneo, with a key to the species. The Sarawak Museum J. 8: 743-771

1958
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Transport of toxic dinoflagellates via ships' ballast water: bioeconomic risk assessment and efficacy of possible ballast water management strategies. Marine Ecology Progress Series. Vol. 168: 297-309

1998
Hallegraeff, G. M.

The red tide. A world of Science. Vol. 4 (3): 2-7

2006
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Injurious effects from the sting of the scorpionfish, Scorpaena guttata. Calif. Med. 74: 395-396

1951
Halstead, B. W.

Poisonous and venomous marine animals of the world. Vol. 2. Vertebrates. US Government Printing Office, Washington D. C.: 1070

1967
Halstead, B. W.

Poisonous and venomous marine animals of the world. The Darwin Press, Princeton, New Jersey: 1168

1988
Halstead, B. W.

Fishtoxins. in: Hui, Y. H., D. Kitts, P. S. Stanfield (eds.), Foodborne diseas handbook. 2nd ed., Vol. IV: Seafood and environmental Toxins, Marcel Dekker, New York, Basel: 23-50

2001a
Halstead, B. W.

Other poisonous animals. in: Hui, Y. H., D. Kitts, P. S. Stanfield (eds.), Foodborne diseas handbook. 2nd ed., Vol. IV: Seafood and environmental Toxins, Marcel Dekker, New York, Basel: 51-78

2001b
Halstead, B. W.

Morphology of the venom apparatus of the leatherback fish Scomberoides sanctipetri (Cuvier). Toxicon 10: 249-258

1972
Halstead, B. W., D. D. Danielson

Catfish stings and the venom apparatus of the Mexican catfish, Galeichthys felis (Linnaeus). Trans Amer. Microscop. Soc 72: 297-314

1953
Halstead, B. W., L. S. Kuninobu, H. Hebard

Stonefish stings and the venom apparatus of Synanceia horrida (Linnaeus). Trans. Amer. Microscop. Soc. 75: 381

1956
Halstead, B. W., M. J. Chitwood, R. F. Modglin

Stingray attacks and their treatment. Amer. J. trop. Med. Hyg. 2: 115-128

1953
Halstead, B. W., N. C. Bunker

Morphology of the venom organs of the rabbitfishes (family Theutidae). In de Vries, A., E. Kochva: Toxins of animal and plant origin, Vol. 1. Gordon & Breach Science Publisher, New York: 121-157

1971
Halstead, B. W., P. C. Engen, D. D. Danielson

A color atlas of dangerous marine animals. Wolfe Medical Publ., London: pp. 192

1990
Halstead, B. W., P. S. Auerbach, D. Campbell

When a name changes everything: taxonomy and conservation of the Atlantic bushmaster (Lachesis Daudin, 1803) (Serpentes: Viperidae: Crotalinae). Systematics and Biodiversity, 22(1)

2024
Hamdan, B., S. L. Bonatto, D. Rödder, V. C. Seixas, R. M. F. Santos, D. J. Santana, L. G. Machado, J. M. Kleitz-Ferreira, A. M. de Freitas, R. C. Gonzalez, T. Cavalcante, M. B. de Souza, C. B. Régis, D. S. Fernandez, H. F.-F. & R. B. Zingali

A complex biogeographic history of diversification in Neotropical lancehead pitvipers (Serpentes, Viperidae). Zoologica Scripta 49: 145– 158

2019
Hamdan, B., T.B. Guedes, P.A. Carrasco, J. Melville

Tick paralysis: a dangerous disease in children. Med J. Aust. 1: 759-765

1940
Hamilton, D. G.

Eye lesions caused by the exudate of tropical millipeds. Tropical and Geographical Medicine 10: 165-167

1958
Haneveld, G. T.

Eastern massasauga rattlesnake bites. J. Ped. Orth. 7: 201-205

1987
Hankin, F. M., M. D. Smith, J. A. Penner, D. S. Louis

The venomous sea anemone Actinodendron plumosum Haddon of South Vietnam. Micronesia 7: 123-136

1971
Hansen, P. A., B. W. Halstead

Venomous snakes of the world. A checklist. Pergamon Press, Oxford: 188

1980
Harding, K. A., K. R. G. Welch

Envenomation by the Mexican lance-headed rattlesnake Crotalus polystictus: a case report. Toxicon 20: 1089-1091

1982
Hardy, D. L.

Envenomation by the mojave rattlesnake (Crotalus scutulatus scutulatus) in Southern Arizona, USA. Toxicon 21: 111-118

1983
Hardy, D. L.

Fatal rattlesnake envenomation in Arizona: 1969-1984. Clinical Toxicology 24: 1-10

1986
Hardy, D. L.

The epidemiology of rattlesnake envenomation in Tucson, Arizona: 1973-1980 a preliminary report. Tucson Herptol. Soc. Newsl. 1: 33-36

1988
Hardy, D. L.

Epidemiology and medical management of rattlesnake bite in southern Arizona. Sonoran Herpetologist 4: 153-158

1991
Hardy, D. L.

Geogrophical variation in venom and human envenoming of the neotropical rattlesnake (Crotalus durissus). Abstract. American Soc. of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists/ Herpetologists’ League Annual Meeting, June 4-10, 1992, University of Illinois at Urbana / Campaign. Program and Abstracts: 113-114

1992a
Hardy, D. L.

A review of first aid measures for pitviper bite in North America with an appraisal of extractor suction and stun gun electroshock. In Campbell, J. A., E. D. Brodie Jr.: The Biology of the Pitvipers. Selva, Tyler, Texas: 405-414

1992b
Hardy, D. L.

Terciopelo (Bothrops asper) bites and researchers in Middle America. The Society for the study of amphibians and reptiles. Proceedings 1992 annual meeting, El Paso, Texas: 56

1992c
Hardy, D. L.

Envenomation by the northern blacktail rattlesnake (Crotalus molossus molossus): report of two cases and the in vitro effects of the venom on fibrinolysis and platelet aggregation. Toxicon 20: 487-493

1982
Hardy, D. L., M. Jeter, J. J. Corrigan Jr.

The amphibians and reptiles of Sinalao, Mexico. Univ. Kan. Pub. Mus. Nat. Hist. 18: 39-352

1969
Hardy, R. M., R. W. McDiarmid

Funnel-web spider (Hadronyche infensa) envenomations in coastal south-east Queensland. Med. J. Aust. 171: 651-653

1999
Harrington, A. P., R. J. Raven, P. C. Bowe, G. M. Hawdon, K. D. Winkel

Snake venoms in science and clinical medicine. 3. Neuropharmacological aspects of the activity of snake venoms. Trans. roy. Soc. trop. Med. Hyg. 83: 745-747

1989
Harris, J. B.

Snake bite in Chittagong Division, Bangladesh: A study of bitten patients who developed no signs of systemic envenoming. Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. 104: 320-327

2010
Harris, J. B., A. Faiz, M. Ridwanur Rahman, M. A. Jalil, et al.

Bullrout stings. In Covacevic, J., P. Davie, J. Pearn: Toxic plants and animals. A guide to Australia. QLD Museum, Brisbane: 155-159

1987
Harris, J., J. Pearn

The bite of a Blue malayan coral snake or Ular Matahari. Mal. nat. J. 11: 130

1957
Harrison, J. L.

Renal failure after snake bite. Med. J. Aust. 2: 409-411

1976
Harris, R. C., P. C. Hurst, B. M. Saker

Evaluation de l'immunothérapie antivipérine par fragments F(ab')2 purifiés (ViperfavTM) par voie veineuse. Presse Med. 28: 1929-34

1999
Harry, P., L. de Haro, P. Asfar, J. M. David

Funnel-web spider (Atrax robustus) antivenom in the treatment of human envenomation. Med. J. Aust. 141: 796-799

1984
Hartman, L. J., S. K. Sutherland

The Box jellyfish. In Covacevic, J., P. Davie, J. Pearn: Toxic plants and animals. A guide to Australia. QLD Museum, Brisbane: 99-105

1987
Hartwick, B.

Disarming the Box jellyfish. Med. J. Aust. 1: 15-20

1980
Hartwick, R., V. Callanan, J. Williamson

Cytolytic toxins. In Shier, T., D. Mebs: Handbook of toxinology. Marcel Dekker, New York: 1-66

1990
Harvey, A. L.

Envenomation by a King Island tiger snake (Notechis ater humphreysi). Med. J. Aust.: 192-193

1982
Harvey, P. M., D. G. Tabrett, B. J. Solomons, M. A. B. Thomas

Entomology in human and animal health. Chapter 16: Ticks and tick-associated diseases. Mac Millan Publ., New York: 371-416

1979
Harwood, R. F., M. T. James

La ciguatera dans les iles Ryukkyu et Amami. Presented at the Seminar on Ichthyosarcotoxism at Papeete, Tahiti Document no. 7, May 13

1968
Hashimoto, Y., S. Konosu, T. Yasumoto

Dic- like syndrome after envenomation by the snake, Crotalus horridus horridus. New Engl. J. Med. 292: 505-507

1975
Hasiba, U., L. M. Rosenbach, D. Rockwell, J. H. Lewis

Clinical features of poisoning by Common kraits and treatment with polyvalent antivenin. The Snake 20: 140-143

1988
Hati, A. K., S. G. Saha, D. Banerjee, D. Panda

Human envenomation from the bite of the eastern garter snake, Thamnophis s. sirtalis (Serpentes: Colubridae). Toxicon 23: 719-721

1985
Hayes, W. K., F. E. Hayes

Attacks by Sea snakes on divers. In Dunson, W. A.: The biology of sea snakes. University Park Press, Baltimore: 503-516

1975
Heatwole, H.

Sea snakes. New South Wales University Press, Kensington: 87

1987
Heatwole, H.

Sea Snakes. University of New South Wales Press, Sydney: 148

1999
Heatwole, H.

Envenomation by the colubrid snake Alsophis portoricensis. Herpetologica 22: 132-134

1966
Heatwole, H., I. B. Banuchi

Wie gefährlich sind die Giftschlangen in der Schweiz? Schweiz. med. Wschr. 99: 1063-1066

1969
Hediger, H.

Quallen. Gefährliche Schönheiten. Wiss. Verlagsgsellschaft, Stuttgart: 358

1998
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Wunderbare Welt der Spinnen. Landbuch Verlag, Hannover: 188

1988
Heimer, S.

The diversity of fishes. Biology, evolution and ecology. Wiley-Blackwell, second edition: 720

2009
Helfman, G. S., B. B.Collette, D. E. Facey, B. W. Bowen

Fish poisoning in Hawaii. Hawaii Med. J. 22: 361-372

1963
Helfrich, P.

The action of Echis carinatus venom on the blood coagulation system. Demonstration of an activator of factor X. Thromb. Res. 35: 1

1984
Hemker, H. C., M. C. E. van Dam-Mieras, P. P. Devilée

Capillary gas chromatographic mass spectrometric determination of histamine in Thuna fish causing scombroid poisoning. J. Chromatogr. 213: 475

1981
Henion, J. D., J. S. Nosanchulk, B. M. Bilder

Ophthalmia nodosa caused by tarantula hairs. Ophthalmology 95: 166-169

1988
Hered, R. W., A. G. Spaulding, J. J. Sanitato, A. H. Wander

“Reversible cardiomyopathy” in patients with severe scorpion envenoming by Tityus serrulatus: evolution of enzymatic, electrocardiographic and echocardiographic alterations. Ann. trop. Paediat. 13: 173-182

1993
Hering, S. E., M. Jurca, F. L. Vichi, M. M. Azevedo-Marques, P. Cupo

Phylogeny and systematics of viperine snakes. III.: Resurrection of the genus Macrovipera (REUSS, 1927) as suggested by biochemical evidence. Amphibia-Reptilia 13: 375-392

1992
Herrmann,H. W., U.Joger, G. Nilson

The coagulation defect after envenomation by the bite of the dugite (Demansia nuchalis affinis), a western Australian brown snake. Med. J. Aust.: 183-186

1972
Herrmann, R. P., M. G. Davey, P. H. Skidmore

Plasma thrombin assay using a chromogenic substrate in disseminated intravascular coagulation due to snake bite envenomation. Thrombos. and Haemost. 41: 544-552

1979
Herrmann, R. P., P. E. Bailey

Criteria map audit of scorpion envenomation in the Negev, Israel. Toxicon 23: 845-854

1985
Hershkovich, Y., Y. Elitsur, C. Z. Margolis, N. Barak, S. Sofer S. W. Moses

A case of sea snake bite in Okinava, Japan. Snake 22: 100-105

1990
Higa, H., H. Uezato, Y. Araki

Ciguatera seafood poisoning: a circumtropical fisheries problem. In Colwell, R.: Natural toxins and human pathogens in the marine environment. Maryland Sea Grant Publ.

1983
Higerd, T.

Black mamba bites, a report of 2 cases. S. Afr. med. J. 72: 220-221

1987
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Unusual defensive movements in Scorpaena plumieri mystes. Copeia 4: 842

1962
Hinton, S.

The ants. Harward University Press: 732

1990
Hoelldobler, B., E. O. Wilson

The superorganism. The beauty, elegance, and strangeness of insect societies. W. W. Norton, New York, London: 522

2009
Hoelldobler, B., E. O. Wilson

A case of palytoxin poisoning due to contact with zoanthid corals through a skin injury. Toxicon 51: 1535-1537

2008
Hoffmann, K., M. Hermanns-Clausen, C. Buhl, M. W. Büchler et al.

Blood coagulation induced by the venom of Bothrops atrox II. Identification, purification and properties of two factor X activators. Biochemistry 26: 780

1987
Hofmann, H., C. Bon

Anaphylactic shock secondary to rattlesnake bite. Ann. Emerg. Med. 19: 814-816

1990
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Sinopse das serpentes peconhentas do Brasil. Mem. Inst. Butantan 36: 109-208

1972
Hoge, A. R., S. A. Romano

Poisonous snakes of the world. Part I. Checklist of the pitvipers Viperoidea, Viperidae, Crotalinae. Mem. Inst. Butantan 42: 179-310

1978
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Life-threatening hyponatremia after krait bite envenoming - A new syndrome. Clin. Toxicol. (Phila.) 48: 956-957

2010
Höjer, J., H. T. Hung, D. Warrell

A rapid, simplified enzyme immunoassay stick test for the detection of ciguatoxin and related polyethers from fish tissues. Toxicon 23: 939-946

1985
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Ciguatera fish poisoning. J. clin. Lab. Anal. 2: 44-50

1988
Hokama, Y.

Simplified solid-phase immunobead assay for detection of ciguatoxin and related polyethers in fish tissue. J. Clin. Lab. Analy. 4: 213

1990
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Immunological analysis of low molecular weight marine toxins. J. Toxicol.-Toxin Reviews 10: 1-35

1991
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Immunological assessment of low molecular weight marine toxins. In Gopalakrishnakone, P., C. K. Tan: Recent Advances in Toxinology Research, Vol. 1. Venom and Toxin Research Group, National University of Singapore: 270-290

1992
Hokama, Y.

Ciguatera fish poisoning. in: Hui, Y. H., D. Kitts, P. S. Stanfield (eds.), Foodborne diseas handbook. 2nd ed., Vol. IV: Seafood and environmental Toxins, Marcel Dekker, New York, Basel: 209-252

2001
Hokama, Y., J. S. M. Yoshikawa-Ebesu

Assessment of a rapid enzyme immunoassay stick test for the detection of ciguatoxin and related polyether toxins in fish tissues. Biol. Bull. 172: 144-153

1987
Hokama, Y., L. K. Shirai, L. M. Iwamoto, M. N. Kobayashi, C. S. Goto, L. K. Nakagawa

Morphological and molecular discrimination of two closely related jellyfish species, Cyanea capillata and C. lamarckii (Cnidaria, Scyphozoa), from the northeast Atlantic. J. Plankton Res., 36(1): 48-63

2014
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Clinical significance of venom antigen levels in patients envenomed by the Malayan pit viper (Calloselasma rhodostoma). Amer. J. trop. Med. Hyg. 35: 579-587

1986b
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Pharmacokinetics of three commercial antivenoms in patients envenomed by the Malayan pit viper Calloselasma rhodostoma, in Thailand. Amer. J. trop. Med. Hyg. 42: 260-266

1990
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A critical reappraisal of the use of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays in the study of snake bite. Toxicon 24: 211-221

1986a
Ho, M., M. J. Warrell, D. A. Warrell, D. Bidwell, A. Voller

Acute renal failure with myoglobinuria after tiger snake bite. Med. J. Aust.: 638-641

1975
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Reptiles of Israel and its administered areas, according to the status on May 31st, 1972. Dep. Zool., Tel Aviv University: 4

1972
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Snakes of the Guianan region. Mem. Inst. Butantan 46: 219-254

1982
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Venomous effects and treatment of octopus bite. Med. J. Aust. 1: 81-82

1964
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Box-jellyfish envenomation. Med. J. Austr. 148: 540

1988
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Verletzung durch Stachelrochen. Z. Hautkr. 63: 49-50

1988
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Death Adders (Genus Acanthophis): An overview, including descriptions of five new species and one subspecies. Monitor 9 (2): 20-41

Hoser, R. (1998 a)

A new snake from Queensland, Australia (Serpentes: Elapidae). Monitor 10 (1): 5-9; 31

Hoser, R. (1998 b)

The rough-scaled snakes, genus Tropidechis (Serpentes: Elapidae), including the description of a new species from far north Queensland, Australia. Crocodilian, 4 (2): 11-14.

2003
Hoser, R.

A reclassification of the rattlesnakes; species formerly exclusively referred to the genera Crotalus and Sistrurus. Australasian J. Herpetol. 3: 1-21

2009
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Caterpillars and moths. Part II. Dermatologic manifestations of encounters with Lepidoptera. J Am Acad Dermatol 62: 13-28

2009
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An anti-platelet peptide, gabonin, from venom of Bitis gabonica. In Gopalakrishnakone, P., C. K. Tan: Tenth World Conference on Animal, Plant and Microbial Toxins. Singapore.Abst. no. 144: 196

1991
Huang, T. F., H. C. Peng

Les araignées. Boubée, Paris: 277

1979
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Positive response to edrophonium in death adder (Acanthophis antarcticus) envenomation. Aust. N. Z. J. Med. 18: 792-794

1988
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Notes on African Carpet vipers, Echis carinatus, E. leucogaster, and E. ocellatus (Viperidae, Serpentes). Rev. suisse Zool. 83: 359-371

1976a
Hughes, B.

Zoogeography of West African False cobras (Pseudohaje spp.). Bull. de l’I.F.A.N. 38: 457-466

1976b
Hughes, B.

Latitudinal clines and ecogeography of the West African Night adder, Causus maculatus (Hallowell, 1842), Serpentes, Viperidae. Bull. de l’I.F.A.N. 39: 358-384

1977
Hughes, B.

Epidemiology of shellfish poisoning in the United States, 1971-1977. In Taylor, D. L., H. H. Seliger: Toxic dinoflagellate blooms. Elsevier, New York: 23-28

1979
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Scombroid-fish poisoning, from pathogenesis to prevention. New Engl. J. Med. 324: 766-768

1991
Hughes, J., M. E. Potter

Foodborne diseas handbook. 2nd ed., Vol. IV: Seafood and environmental Toxins, Marcel Dekker, New York, Basel: 680

2001
Hui, Y. H., D. Kitts, P. S. Stanfield

Envenimations par des crotalidés en Guyane Française. Méd. Afr. noire 29: 249-255

1982
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Russell's viper snakebite in Taiwan: differences from other Asian countries. Toxicon 40: 1291-1298

2002
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Scombroid poisoning: A review. Toxicon 56: 231–243

2010
Hungerford, J.M.

Clinical features of 60 consecutive ICU-treated patients envenomed by Bungarus multicinctus. Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health 40 (3): 518-524

2009
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Reliability of clinical presentation for predicting significant pit viper envenomation. Ann. Emerg. Med. 17: 438-439

1988
Hurlburt, K. M., R. C. Dart, D. Spaite, J. McNally

Capillary enzyme immunoassay field kits for the detection of snake venom in clinical specimens. Med. J. Aust. 2: 236-237

1982
Hurrell, J. G. R., H. M. Chandler

The generic classification of the Australian terrestrial elapid snakes. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 29: 397-405

1990
Hutchinson, M. N.

Arboreal green pit vipers (genus Trimeresurus) of South-East Asia: bites by T. albolabris and T. macrops in Thailand and a review of the literature. Trans. roy. Soc. trop. Med. Hyg. 84: 866-874

1990
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First identification of acute tetrodotoxin-associated food poisoning in Taiwan. J. Formosan Med. Ass. 88: 289-291

1989
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