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More references are listed in the “Clinical entries” of the Biomedical Database.

Chemistry an pharmacology of the venoms of Bothrops and Lachesis. In Bücherl, W., E. E. Buckley: Venomous animals and their venoms. Vol. 2. Academic Press, New York: 307-318

1971
Kaiser, E., H. Michl

Scorpions of the Eastern Mediterranean. In: Makarov SE, Dimitrijevic RN, editors. Advances in arachnology and developmental biology - Papers dedicated to professor Bozidar Curcic. Vienna-Belgrade-Sofia: 209-246.

2008
Kaltsas, D., I. Stathi, V. Fet

Biological properties of the venom of the Papuan black snake (Pseudechis papuanus): presence of a phopholipase A2 platelet inhibitor. Toxicon 32: 915-925

1994
Kamiguti, A. S., G. D. Laing, G. M. Lowe, M. Zuzel, D. A. Warrell, R. D. G. Theakston

Identification of alpha2-macroglobin as the inhibitor of Bothrops jararaca haemorrhagin. Abstracts. IVth Pan American symposium on animal, plant and microbial toxins (IST) and IInd symposium of the Brazilian society on toxinology (SBTX), in honour of vital Brazil. Toxicon 31: 141-142

1993
Kamiguti, A. S., H. Desmond, R. D. G. Theakston, C. R. M. Hay, M. Zuzel

Haemostatic changes caused by the venoms of South American snakes. Toxicon 27: 955-963

1989
Kamiguti, A. S., J. L. C. Cardoso

Coagulopathy and haemorrhage in human victims of Bothrops jararaca envenoming in Brazil. Toxicon 29: 961-972

1991
Kamiguti, A. S., J. L. C. Cardoso, R. D. G. Theakston, I. S. Sano-Martins, R. A. Hutton, F. P. Rugman, D. A. Warrell, C. R. M. Hay

Alterations of the blood coagutation system after accidental human inoculation by Bothrops jararaca venom. Brazil. J. med. biol. Res. 19: 199-204

1986
Kamiguti, A. S., S. Matusnaga, M. Sano -Martins, I. S. Spir, L. Nahas

Olivia vidua fulminans, a marine mollusc, responsible for five fatal cases of neurotoxic food poisoning in Sabah, Malaysia. Trans. roy. Soc. trop. Med. Hyg. 80: 64-65

1986
Kan, S. K. P., N. Singh, M. K. C. Chan

Pharmacology of tetrodotoxin and saxitoxin. Federation Proceedings 31: 1117-1123

1972
Kao, C. Y.

Respiratory failure following envenomation. Anaesthesia 43: 753-754

1988
Karalliedde, L. D., P. S. Sanmuganathan

Antivenom treatment in Vipera berus envenoming-report of 30 cases. J. Intern. Med. 235: 57-61

1994
Karlson-Stiber, C., H. Persson

First clinical experiences with specific sheep Fab fragments in snake bite. Report of a multicentre study of Vipera berus envenoming. J. Intern. Med. 241: 53-58

1997
Karlson-Stiber, C., H. Persson, A. Heath, D. Smith, I. H. Al-Abdulla, L. Sjöström

A nationwide study of Vipera Berus bites during one year-epidemiology and morbidity of 231 cases. J. Toxicol. Clin. Toxicol. 44: 25-30

2006
Karlson-Stiber, C., H. Salmonson, H. Persson

Haemodynamic patterns in patients with scorpion envenomation. Heart 79: 485-489

1998
Karnad, D. R.

Captopril for correcting diuretic induced hypotension in pulmonary oedeme after scorpion sting. Brit. med. J. 298: 1430-1431

1989
Karnad, K. R., A. M. Deo, N. Apte, A. S. Lohe, S. Thatte, G. H. Tilve

Scombroid fish poisoning with facial flushing. J. Amer. Acad. Dermatol. 18: 1363-1365

1988
Kasha Jr., E. E., A. L. Norins

Comparative biology of american Black widow spiders. Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist. 16: 33-82

1970
Kaston, B. J.

How to know the spiders. The pictured key nature series, Wm. C. Bron Company Publ., Iowa: 272

1978
Kaston, B. J.

The Global Burden of Snakebite: A Literature Analysis and Modelling Based on Regional Estimates of Envenoming and Deaths. PLoS Med 5(11): e218. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0050218

2008
Kasturiratne A., A. R. Wickremasinghe, N. de Silva, N. K. Gunawardena, A. Pathmeswaran, R. Premaratna, L. Savioli, D. G. Lalloo, H. J. de Silva

Ciguatera on Kauai: investigations of factors associated with severity of illness. Amer. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 49: 448-454

1993
Katz, A. R., S. Terrell-Perica, D. M. Sasaki

63 Fälle von Giftschlangenbissen, die in der Schweiz beim Menschen zur Beobachtung gekommen. Corresp.-Bl. für Schweiz. Arzte 22: 689-696 und 723-735

1892
Kaufmann, C.

Biology and venoms of Lepidoptera. In Tu, A. T.: Handbook of natural toxins. Vol. 2. Marcel Dekker, New York: 291-330

1984
Kawamoto, F., N. Kumada

Study on the pathogenesis of envenomation of the Japanese colubrid snake, Yamakagashi, Rhabdophis tigrinus. (Boie): 3. Preparation of antiyamakagashi antivenom. Snake 18: 1-3

1986
Kawamura, Y., A. Sakai, Y. Sawai

Study on the preparation of antiyamakagashi (Rhabdophis tigrinus) rabbit and goat antivenom. Snake 20: 1-8

1988
Kawamura, Y., Y. Sawai, M. Toriba, Y. Hokama, M. Nozaki, Y. Tomihara

Centipedes and millipedes as pests in tropical areas. In Keegan, H. L., W. V. Macfarlane: Venomous and poisonous animals and noxious plants of the Pacific Region. Pergamon Press, Oxford: 161-163

1963
Keegan, H. L.

Scorpions of medical importance. University Press of Mississippi, Jackson: 140

1980
Keegan, H. L.

The Malayan pit viper Agkistrodon rhodostoma. U. S. Army Medical Command, Japan: 15

1965
Keegan, H. L., G. E. Snover, T. Matsui, H. H. Lloyd

Venomous and poisonous animals and noxious plants of the Pacific Region. Pergamon Press, Oxford: 456

1963
Keegan, H. L., W. V. Macfarlane

Die sozialen Faltenwespen Mitteleuropas. Paul Parey, Berlin: 180

1967
Kemper, H., E. Döhring

Worm toxins. In Tu, A. T.: Handbook of natural toxins. Vol. 3. Marine Toxins and venoms. Marcel Dekker, New York: 353-378

1988
Kem, R. M.

Rapid and repeated origin of insular gigantism and dwarfism in Australian tiger snakes. Evolution 59(1): 226-233

2005
Keogh, J.S., I.A.W. Scott, C. Hayes

Molecular phylogeny of viviparous Australian elapid snakes: affinities of Echiopsis atriceps (Storr, 1980) and Drysdalia coronata (Schlegel, 1837), with description of a new genus. Journal of Zoology, London 252: 317-326

2000
Keogh, J.S., I.A.W. Scott, J.D. Scanlon

Venomous snake bite in eastern Ecuador. Amer. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 44: 93-99

1991
Kerrigan, K. R.

Taxonomic notes on Bungarus caerulaeus (Schneider) and Bungarus sindanus Boulenger. Snake 17: 71-78

1985
Khan, M. S.

Venomous terrestrial snakes of Pakistan and snake bite problem. In Gopalakrishnakone, P., L. M. Chou: Snakes of medical importance (Asia Pacific Region). Venom and Toxin Research Group, National University of Singapore: 419-461

1990
Khan, M. S.

Russell’s viper venom levels in serum of snake bite victims in Burma. Trans. roy. Soc. trop. Med. Hyg. 78: 165-168

1984
Khin-Ohn-Lwin, Aye-Aye-Myint, Tun-Pe, Theingie-Nwe, Min-Naing

Study on the effectiveness of the yamakagashi (Rhabdophis tigrinus) antivenom. Snake 19: 95-99

1987
Kikuchi, T., T. Takamura, M. Ishii, T. Ichihara, Y. Kawamura, Y. Sawai

Taipan envenomation. Med. J. Aust. 155: 850

1991
King, G. K., I. M. Smith

Dapsone treatment of a brown recluse bite. J. Amer. med. Ass. 250: 648

1983
King Jr., L. E., R. S. Rees

Treatment of brown recluse spider bites. J. Amer. Acad. Dermatol. 14: 691-692

1986
King Jr., L. E., R. S. Rees

Skin histopathology in fatal jellyfish stinging. Trans. roy. Soc. trop. Med. Hyg. 54: 373-384

1960
Kingston, C. W., R. V. Southcott

Barnes on Box jellyfish. James Cook University of North Queensland, Townsville: 76 and appendix

1986
Kinsey, B.

More Barnes on Box jellyfish. James Cook University of North Queensland, Townsville: 109

1988
Kinsey, B.

Tafeln zur Verbreitung von Skorpionen im Vorderen Orient (TAVO), AVI 14.2. Tübinger Atlas des Vorderen Orients (TAVO), Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, Wiesbaden:

1985
Kinzelbach, R.

Envenomation by the colubrid snake Atractaspis bibronii: a case report. Toxicon 29: 379-381

1991
Kirchberg, J. S., T. M. Davidson

Snake venom allergy. Med. J. Aust. 153: 570-571

1990
Kirkland, G.

Allergic histories and reactions of patients treated with digoxin immune Fab (ovine) antibody. Amer. J. Emerg. Med. 9: 7-10

1991
Kirkpatrick, C. H. and the digibind study advisory panel, suppl. I

Secretion of cellular plasminogen activators upon stimulation by Crotalinae snake venoms. In Pirkle, H., F. S. Markland: Hemostasis and animal venoms. Marcel Dekker, New York: 191-202

1988
Kirschbaum, N. E., R. S. Reczkowski, A. Z. Budzynski

Snake venom proteases that activate blood coagulation factor V. In Lorand, L.: Methods in enzymology. Vol. 80. Academic Press, New York: 275

1981
Kisiel, W., W. M. Canfield

Mechanism of defibrination in humans after envenomation by the eastern diamondback rattlesnake. Amer. J. Hematol. 14: 345-353

1983
Kitchens, C. S., L. H. S. Van Mierop

Envenomation by the Eastern coral snake (Micrurus fulvius fulvius), a study of 39 victims. J. Amer. med. Ass. 258: 1615-1618

1987
Kitchens, C. S., L. H. S. Van Mierop

Severe myonecrosis in a fatal case of envenomation by the canebrake rattlesnake (Crotalus horridus atricaudatus). Toxicon 25: 455-458

1987
Kitchens, C. S., S. Hunter, L. H. S. Van Mierop

Fatality in a case of envenomation by Crotalus adamanteus initially successfully treated with polyvalent ovine antivenom followed by recurrence of defibrigenation syndrome. J. Med. Toxicol. 4 (3): 180-183

2008
Kitchens, C. S., T. A. Eskin

Scorpaenidae envenomation. A five-year poison center experience. J. Amer. med. Ass. 253: 807-810

1985
Kizer, K. W., H. E. McKinney, P. S. Auerbach

Arterial blood gas changes with bluebottle envenomation-a case report. Hawaii med. J. 41: 193-194

1982
Kizer, K. W., M. Piel

Rattle snakes. Their habits, life history and influence on man kind. University of California Press, Berkeley & Los Angeles, Vol. 1 & 2: 1533

1972
Klauber, L. M.

Autoobservation d’envenimation par morsure d’Atheris sp. Toxicon 2: 275-276

1965
Knoepffler, L. P.

Natural History of the Habu, Trimeresurus flavoviridis (Hallowell). Snake 3: 75-96

1971
Koba, K.

On the type specimens of the recently described Sulawesi pitviper Tropidolaemus laticinctus Kuch, Gumprecht & Melaun 2007 (Squamata: Viperidae). Zootaxa 1721: 65-68

2008
Koch, A.

The origin of snakes and evolution of the venom apparatus. Toxicon 25: 65-106

1987
Kochva, E.

Venomous snakes of Israel. In Gopalakrishnakone, P., L. M. Chou: Snakes of medical importance (Asia Pacific Region). Venom and Toxin Research Group, National University of Singapore: 311-321

1990
Kochva, E.

The fangs of Atractaspis engaddensis Haas (Serpentes: Atractaspididae). Rev. suisse Zool. 93: 749-754

1986
Kochva, E., J. Meier

Variations in symptomatology of ciguatera poisoning. Toxicon 27: 593-595

1989
Kodama, A. M., Y. Hokama

Clinical and laboratory findings implicating palytoxin as cause of ciguatera poisoning due to Decapterus macrosoma (mackerel). Toxicon 27: 1051-1053

1989
Kodama, A. M., Y. Hokama, T. Yasumoto, M. Fukul, S. J. Manea, N. Sutherland

Protogonyaulax cohorticula, a toxic dinoflagellate found in the Gulf of Thailand. Toxicon 26: 707-712

1988
Kodama, M., T. Ogata, Y. Fukuyo, T. Ishimaru, S. Wisessang, K. Saitanu, V. Panichyakarn, T. Piyakarnchana

Venomous marine snails of the genus Conus. In Keegan, H. L., W. V. Macfarlane: Venomous and poisonous animals and noxious plants of the Pacific Region. Pergamon Press, Oxford: 83-96

1963
Kohn, A. J.

Dermotossicità da meduse del mare Adriatico. G. ital. Dermatol. Venereol. 125: 575-577

1990
Kokelj, F., G. Stinco, P. del Negro

Treatment of a pigmented lesion induced by a Pelagia noctiluca sting. Cutis: 62-64

1990
Kokelj, F., J. W. Burnett

Jellyfish dermatitis due to Carybdea marsupialis. Contact Derm. 27: 195

1992
Kokelj, F., P. del Negro, G. Montanari

Systemic poisoning from the bite of Rhabdophis tigrinus. Snake 7: 38-39

1975
Kono, H., Y. Sawai

Procoagulant and defibrinating potency of the venom gland extract of Thelotornis kirtlandi. Thromb. Res. 12: 991-1001

1978
Kornalik, F., E. Taborska

Intraspecies variability in the composition of the coagulant active snake venoms. In Pirkle, H., F. S. Markland: Hemostasis and animal venoms. Marcel Dekker, New York: 503-514

1988
Kornalik, F., E. Taborska

Experimental model of DIC and hemorrhagic diathesis using snake venom enzymes. In Sinzinger, H., H. Vinnazer: Thrombosis and Hemorrhagic Disorders. Schmitt and Meyer, Würzburg: 209-212

1989
Kornalik, F., J. Hladovec

Non-specific therapy of a hemorrhagic diathesis after a bite by a young Bothrops asper (Barba amarilla): a case report. Toxicon 28: 1497-1501

1990
Kornalik, F., Z. Vorlova

Intracranial haemorrhage after snake bite. Mem. Inst. Butantan 52 (suppl.): 45-46

1990
Kouyoumdjian, J. A.

Acidentes oficicos causados por Bothrops moojeni: Relato de 37 casos. Rev. Ins. Med. trop. São Paulo 30: 424-432

1988
Kouyoumdjian, J. A., C. Polizelli

Acidentes ofidicos causados por Bothrops moojeni: Corredaçao do quadro clinico com o tamanho da serpente. Rev. Inst. Med. trop. São Paulo 31: 84-90

1989
Kouyoumdjian, J. A., C. Polizelli

Fatal extradural haematoma after snake bite (Bothrops moojeni). Trans. roy. Soc. trop. Med. Hyg. 85: 552

1991
Kouyoumdjian, J. A., C. Polizelli, S. M. A. Lobo, S. M. Guimares

Leiurus nasheri sp. n. from Yemen (Scorpiones, Buthidae). Acta Societas Zoologicae Bohemicae 71: 137–141

2007
Kovarik, F.

 Scorpions of the Horn of Africa (Arachnida: Scorpiones). Part VII. Parabuthus Pocock, 1890 (Buthidae), with

description of P. hamar sp. n. and P. kajibu sp. n. from Ethiopia. Euscorpius — Occasional Publications in Scorpiology. 2016, No. 228

2016
Kovařík F., G. Lowe , J. Plíšková, F. Šťáhlavský

Fatal intracerebral hemorrhage secondary to lonomia obliqua caterpillar envenoming. Case report. Arq. Neuropsiquiatr. 64(4): 1030-1032

2006
Kowacs, P. A., J. Cardoso, M. Entres, E. M. Novak, L. C. Werneck

Fatal Intracranial hemorhage secondary to Lonomia obliqua carterpillar envenoming. Arq Neuropsiquiatr 64 (4): 1030-1032

2006
Kowaks, A., J. Cardoso, M. Entres, E. M. Novak, L. C. Werneck

Outbreak of scombroid fish poisoning, Taiwan. Amer. J. publ. Hlth 77: 1335-1336

1987
Kow-Tong, C., M. D. Malison

Über zwei afrikanische Zwergpuffottern, Bitis hindii und Bitis superciliaris. Vierteljahrsschrift der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Zürich 106: 419-423

1961
Kramer, E.

Zur Schlangenfauna Nepals. Rev. suisse Zool. 84: 721-761

1977
Kramer, E.

Systematik, Verbreitung und Ökologie der lybischen Schlangen. Rev. suisse Zool. 70: 453-568

1963
Kramer, E., H. Schnurrenberger

Giftschlangen und die Serumbehandlung der Schlangenbisse. Gustav Fischer, Jena

1931
Kraus, R., F. Werner

A case of mamba bite. S. Afr. med. J.: 1150-1151

1967
Krengel, B., J. Walton

Evaluation of antivenom therapy in children severely envenomed by Androctonus australis garzonii (Aag) and Buthus occitanus tunetanus (Bot) scorpions. Toxicon 37: 1627-1634

1999
Krifi, M. N., F. Amri, H. Kharrat, M. El Hayeb

Development of an ELISA for the detection of scorpion venoms in sera of humans envenomed by Androctonus australis garzonii (Aag) and Buthus occitanus tunetanus (Bot): Correlation with clinical severity of envenoming in Tunesia. Toxicon 36 (6): 887-900

1998
Krifi, M. N., H. Kharrat, K. Zhgal, M. Abdouli, et al.

Pharmacokinetic studies of scorpion venom before and after antivenom immunotherapy. Toxicon 45: 187-198

2005
Krifi, M. N., S. Savin, M. Debray, C. Bon, et al.

Envenomation by the sac spider Chiracanthium mildei. Cutis 40: 127-129

1987
Krinsky, W. L.

Feeding adaptions of hognose snakes. Southwest Nat. 20: 537-557

1976
Kroll, J. C.

The Yellow-bellied sea snake, Pelamis, in the Eastern Pacific. In Dunson, W. A.: The biology of sea snakes. University Park Press, Baltimore: 185-213

1975
Kropach, C.

A new species of Temple Pitviper (Tropidolaemus Wagler, 1830) from Sulawesi, Indonesia (Squamata: Viperidae: Crotalinae). Zootaxa 1446: 1–20

2007
Kuch, U., A. Gumprecht, C. Melaun

A new species of krait (Squamata: Elapidae) from the Red River System of Nothern Vietnam. Copeia 2005 (4): 818-833

2005
Kuch, U., D. Kizirian, Q. T. Nguyen, R. Lawson, M. A. Donnelly, D. Mebs

The identity of the Javan Krait, Bungarus javanicus Kopstein, 1932 (Squamata: Elapidae): evidence from mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequence analyses and morphology. Zootaxa 1426: 1-26

2007
Kuch, U., D. Mebs

Phylogeography of Australia s king brown snake (Pseudechis australis) reveals Pliocene divergence and Pleistocene dispersal of a top predator. Naturwissenschaften 92:121–127

2005
Kuch, U., J. S. Keogh, J. Weigel, L. A. Smith, D. Mebs

Human envenomation from the bite of the South American colubrid snake species Philodryas baroni Berg, 1895. Snake 25: 63-65

1993
Kuch, U., U. Jesberger

Terrestrial snakes of the Soviet Union. Snake 21: 29-35

1989
Kudrajavtsev, S. V., S. V. Mamet

The toxic emergency. Emerg. Med.: 124-128

1985
Kunkel, D. B.

The sting of the arthropod. Emerg. Med., Spec. Issue: 41-48

1988
Kunkel, D. B.

Clinico-pathological studies on snakebites in Taiwan. Snake 4: 1-22

1972
Kuo, T. P., C. S. Wu

Phylogenetic and morphological analysis of Gloydius himalayanus (Serpentes, Viperidae, Crotalinae), with the description of a new species. European Journal of Taxonomy, 852(1), 1–30

2022
Kuttalam, S., V. Santra, J. B. Owens, M. Selvan, N. Mukherjee, S. Graham, A. Togridou, O. K. Bharti, J. Shi, K. Shanker, A. Malhotra